Frequently Asked Questions

Some antigens for achievement of the optimum immune answer demand introduction more than one dose of a vaccine. Besides, some antigens demand a revaccination or busternyh doses for supporting protection. It is established that longer, than recommended, intervals between doses of a vaccine do not reduce essentially antitelnyj the answer. In this connection discontinuing of the schedule of immunization does not demand restoration of a full series of bacterination or addition ekstradoz a vaccine. However introduction of doses of vaccines or anatoxins through the smaller.
Than the recommended interval can lower antitelnyj the answer and, hence, it is necessary for avoiding. It is especially important for primary immunization. At some vaccines, such as ADS, the EXPERT, can take place augmentation of number of local or system reactions at their frequent introduction. Such reactions grow out of formation of complexes an antigen-antibody. According to letter MZ the Russian Federation from 27.03.98 years, in Russia in connection with introduction of a new calendar of preventive inoculations is recommended at drawing up of individual schedules of immunization at separate children to observe following intervals: - After the finished bacterination against a diphtheria and a primary revaccination - not less than 1 year; between the first and second revaccinations - not less than 4th years; between the second and the third - not less than 5 years; further - each 10 years; - The minimum interval after the finished bacterination against a poliomyelitis and revaccinations should make not less than 6 months; - The child vaccinated against a measles, a parotitis, a rubella after the term established by a calendar, but before achievement of age of 6 years by it, follows revaktsinirovat against the specified infections at the age of 6 years according to a new calendar. If the child is vaccinated for the first time at the age of 6 years and later the revaccination should be spent with an interval not less than 6 months
4.4.1. Simultaneous introduction of vaccines Many widely used vaccines can be entered safely and effectively simultaneously (in one day, but not into one anatomic place!). Simultaneous introduction of vaccines important for some situations [170]: - At approaching epidemiological danger of several infectious diseases; - By preparation for travel abroad;
- At uncertainty that the patient in the future will come on the subsequent bacterinations; - At adoption of the child abroad; - In the absence of documents on earlier spent bacterinations.
If it is a question of inactivated vaccines it is necessary to have in view of that they can be entered simultaneously into different sites of a body. However, when vaccines have similar local or system reactions at their simultaneous introduction reaktogennost them can amplify (for example, choleraic, against a typhoid). In that case, if probably it is better to enter vaccines separately. Now widespread simultaneous introduction live and inaktivirovannyh vaccines that does not lead to disturbance antitelnogo the answer or to augmentation of number of complications. Introduction of the combined MMR-vaccine is interconvertible to simultaneous introduction isolated korevoj, parotitis and krasnushnoj vaccines in different sites of a body. Introduction of an oral live typhous vaccine theoretically can interferirovat with the immune answer on OPV if they are entered simultaneously or with small intervals between them. Though there are no the authentic publications confirming this assumption [170]. Simultaneous introduction pneumococcal polisaharidnoj vaccines and influenzal wholly-virionnoj vaccines gives sufficient antitelnyj the answer without augmentation of number of serious or unusual reactions at adults. Probably simultaneous introduction of a pneumococcal vaccine and a split-vaccine against a flu. These vaccines can be entered with success simultaneously both to children, and adults. Safely and effectively simultaneous introduction of a vaccine against a hepatitis In and a yellow fever, protivokorevoj vaccines and against a yellow fever.
At the same time antitelnyj the answer decreases at simultaneous introduction of vaccines against a yellow fever and a cholera. These vaccines should be entered with an interval not less than 3 weeks. As it was already specified, reduction of intervals between introduction of vaccines conducts to depression antitelnogo the answer. Theoretically, the immune answer to one live virus vaccine can be changed, if it is entered within less than 30 days after other virus vaccine. Live vaccines can break the answer to a tuberculin.